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An update on progress stimulated by AlphaFold's revolutionary protein folding algorithm generated using AI. AlphaFold

The original Hallmarks of Cancer review (2000) by Doug Hanahan and Robert Weinberg is widely regarded as one of the most comprehensive and authoritative review papers of all time.  In 2011 they published Hallmarks of Cancer: the Next Generation, and now in 2022 the third installment has been published.  Collectively, these three reviews managed to [...]

Congratulations!  Hard work pays off! https://www.societyforscience.org/regeneron-science-talent-search-2022-media-kit/

In biomedical research, sometimes the topic being studied does not matter so much. Rather, what matters is the experimental design – what underlying questions are asked, what methods are used to answer those questions, and what are the positive/negative controls that are employed to differentiate what is real from what is not real. We then [...]

RNA is not new, and we have known for decades that sugars can decorate proteins and lipids (this is known as the field of glycobiology). Here, researchers from Stanford and Harvard have discovered that RNA can also be decorated with sugars (glycol-RNA), and that glycol-RNA is fairly abundant both in cultured cells and in animals. [...]

Not surprisingly, early childhood trauma predisposes people for depression later in life, and other problems (sexual and physical abuse, crime, poverty and poor health) often emanate from this condition. Unfortunately, the children of these people are often destined for the same fate. We all understand this innately and recognize it as an unfortunate but inevitable [...]

Congratulations to the 2021 Regeneron Science Talent Search finalists, including one finalist who has attended two Rosetta Institute workshops. Great work! Regeneron Finalists

Here is a series of three related papers published by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, led by legendary cancer researcher Bert Vogelstein. It is a significant body of work that is difficult to succinctly summarize, but the linked write-up is a start. Engineering the immune system to attack tumor cells (immunotherapy) is so effective that [...]

Social media is flooded with news about how important it is to maintain healthy gut bacteria (also known as the microbiome). Not surprisingly, most of this “news” is also aimed at consumers, with the goal of selling probiotics and prebiotics (some of which are quite expensive) to alleviate or cure a whole variety of maladies. [...]

Why do some people have asymptomatic Covid-19, while others suffer from severe or life-threatening disease? Many risk factors for severe Covid have been identified – age, obesity, sex, smoking status, etc. - but this does not fully account for the observed heterogeneity. One possibility is that lifetime exposure to other coronaviruses – which can cause [...]